Building agile product design competences in student projects. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 4.2.066, S. 1-11
The increasing complexity of technical solutions caused by constantly changing requirements and competitive situations, has led to the introduction of agile development processes in various domains in order to be able to react faster and more efficient to changes. This paper explores the integration of agile aspects into engineering education to prepare students for the corporate world. Two approaches, a single-stage and a two-stage approach, were implemented and evaluated in student projects at Technische Hochschule Ulm and Technische Universität Ilmenau. The findings reveal that both approaches effectively enhance students' competencies in agile product development. The observations highlight the value of iterative sprints, design thinking, peer learning, focused work, stakeholder involvement and the application of digital tools. Students exhibited increased confidence, independence, and creativity in their development projects. The integration of agile approaches in teaching methodologies proves beneficial in addressing the challenges posed by complex technical solutions and evolving requirements.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.58911
Methodical procedure for a surrogate model based fatigue calculation to support the design process of eBike drive units. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 4.2.053, S. 1-19
In this paper, a method is developed to consider multiaxial load spectra and their variation in a computationally efficient local fatigue calculation procedure. This method is based on an FE data-based surrogate model and is intended to support the simulation-based product design process. To demonstrate their application and necessity, a case study on the design of eBike drive units is presented. For this purpose, the general requirements for the design of eBike drive units as well as the fundamentals of multiaxial fatigue analysis and surrogate modeling are outlined. In addition, a validation process of the surrogate model and its use for fatigue calculation is presented and discussed.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.58909
Hybrid teaching and learning environment in the context of virtual product development. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 4.2.052, S. 1-8
Product development means identifying the needs of different stakeholders, developing a product for them to the point where it is ready for production and use, and documenting it. To manage the complexity of product development, it is becoming increasingly digitalised. As virtual product development is a key area of industry, teaching in this area is an important component of a practice-oriented engineering curriculum. Engineering education constantly requires new teaching and learning formats. The trend is towards a systematic combination of digital teaching materials for self-organised individual and cooperative self-study on the one hand, and in-depth forms of classroom teaching tailored to the needs of students on the other - in short: hybrid forms of teaching and learning. Within the framework of an eTeach impulse project for a hybrid teaching and learning environment for virtual product development, important results have been developed, implemented and evaluated to achieve this goal.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.58902
Systematization of existing uncertainties in the context of product development in the automotive supply industry. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 4.2.044, S. 1-18
Along the development process of technical products, challenges arise repeatedly, which result from uncertainties, i.e., conscious, or unconscious gaps in knowledge or definitions. The causes often lie in the fact that empirical values represent the basis for many decisions, from the specification of tasks to the required organizational and control structures to the models and calculation tools used. Based on this knowledge, it is essential to continuously identify, evaluate and, if necessary, reduce the degree of uncertainty during the development of innovative products. This is intended to avoid potentially negative influences on the strategic goals of the magic triangle of project management (costs, time, and quality). This is exactly where the investigations started, using the example of an automotive supplier company. Completed projects are the starting point. A first focus is on the analysis of the effects of unclearly defined requirements and ambiguities in verification, validation, and end customer use. A second focus is the systematization, classification up to the provision of project-specific tools, which should facilitate the reduction of uncertainties already in early project phases.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.59012
Analysis of potential errors in technical products by combining knowledge graphs with MBSE approach. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 4.2.032, S. 1-15
Technical products are developed to meet the demands of stakeholders. Therefore, the product's functions and associated properties are important. Various influencing factors e.g., external disturbances can have an impact on the input flows of the products or its characteristics and thus on the functions. If this leads to deviations between the required and as-is functions, these deviations are called errors. It is therefore important to analyze errors in product development and implement measures to increase the robustness of the product. Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) supports the development of complex systems. However, MBSE alone has limited ability to identify in-depth errors. This requires knowledge of possible errors from previous products in specific contexts. For this purpose, the method proposed in this paper facilitates identifying errors in the concept phase by combining MBSE approaches with reusable knowledge (i.e., knowledge graph). The approach is presented using an application example for a mobile robot.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.58898
Systematic use of model-based solution patterns using the example of a load cell. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 4.2.029, S. 1-17
Complex mechatronic products are usually decomposed into several sub-systems for their development. These sub-systems are developed in parallel or even independently based on their specifications and use cases. The application of model-based solution patterns is an effective way to comprehensively and efficiently describe the available knowledge about the sub-systems. This contribution proposes an approach to support the selection and application of model-based solution patterns. The approach, based on a metamodel for solution patterns using SysML, describes the process for selecting solution patterns and aligning requirements and constraints with the as-is properties of the sub-systems. Additionally, the approach supports the design of solution patterns taking into account special knowledge from the development of the sub-systems as well as the usage of the solution patterns in different systems and contexts. As an example, an application scenario of a specific load cell within a measurement system is explained.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.58904
Error classification as a basis for automating the conformity of production process in the automotive industry. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 2.1.011, S. 1-16
In the automotive industry, the complexity of ensuring production conformity has increased significantly. Reasons for this are a growing number of vehicle variants in combination with increasing regulatory requirements in import markets. Violations of the "Conformity of Production" (CoP) can result in drastic penalties. This is contrasted by a partially random and manual inspection process that is currently not sufficiently automated and digitalized. According to the BMW Group CoP expert workshop there is not enough error analysis and classification in the current situation to comprehensively perform automated inspections. To gain more insight into this manual inspection process, a comprehensive error analysis and classification must first take place to derive measures. Based on the requirements for the CoP process and the findings from the state of the art, the objective of this contribution is to analyze the status quo regarding error frequencies and to derive possible measures from the findings.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.58850
Entwicklung eines Ausgabespeichers zur Aufnahme von Kleinteilen an Spritzgussmaschinen. - Ilmenau. - 80 Seiten
Technische Universität Ilmenau, Bachelorarbeit 2023
In dieser Bachelorarbeit wird ein Ausgabespeicher zur Aufnahme von Kunststoff-Kleinteilen verschiedener Größen aus Spritzgussmaschinen entwickelt, um das manuelle Bereitstellen von Kisten zu automatisieren sowie den Personalaufwand und ungeplante Störungen des Betriebsprozesses zu reduzieren. Die Arbeit beginnt mit der Abstimmung der Anforderungen mit dem Kunden und berücksichtigt dabei den begrenzten Bauraum in dessen Produktionshallen sowie die Einhaltung sicherheitsrelevanter Richtlinien beim Betrieb der Anlage. Die vorliegende Arbeit bietet einen detaillierten Einblick in den Entwicklungsprozess und die technischen Herausforderungen bei der Konstruktion eines solchen Ausgabespeichers. Es werden zwei verschiedene Lösungskonzepte mit vertikaler Bauweise erarbeitet, die sich in ihrer technischen Umsetzungsmöglichkeit unterscheiden. Der wesentliche konstruktive Unterschied besteht darin, dass die Kisten selbst transportiert werden oder fest an einer Stelle verbleiben. Beide Konzepte werden durch das Erstellen Technischer Prinzipe weiter untersetzt. Anhand unterschiedlich gewichteter Bewertungskriterien (technisch und ökonomisch) wird eine Vorzugsvariante mit feststehenden Kisten herausgearbeitet, welche mittels einer verfahrbaren Transporteinheit mit Kippmechanismus befüllt werden. Das Konkretisierte Technische Prinzip bildet die Basis für die Konstruktion und die Dimensionierung der benötigten Aktoren der Anlage, unter Berücksichtigung der Zykluszeit der Spritzgussmaschine. Das Ergebnis ist ein rein elektrisch betriebener Ausgabespeicher, der durch nur zwei Aktoren angetrieben wird. Dieser ist so konzipiert, dass er flexibel, ohne das Umrüsten von Baugruppen an verschiedene Spritzgussmaschinen-Typen anpassbar ist und unterschiedliche Kistengrößen aufnehmen kann. Der entwickelte Ausgabespeicher erfüllt alle Kundenanforderungen und aufgrund seiner Flexibilität kann er auch für den breiten Markt von Interesse sein.
Going one step further: towards cognitively enhanced problem-solving teaming agents. - In: Engineering for a changing world, (2023), 5.1.137, S. 1-12
Operating current advanced production systems, including Cyber-Physical Systems, often requires profound programming skills and configuration knowledge, creating a disconnect between human cognition and system operations. To address this, we suggest developing cognitive algorithms that can simulate and anticipate teaming partners' cognitive processes, enhancing and smoothing collaboration in problem-solving processes. Our proposed solution entails creating a cognitive system that minimizes human cognitive load and stress by developing models reflecting humans individual problem-solving capabilities and potential cognitive states. Further, we aim to devise algorithms that simulate individual decision processes and virtual bargaining procedures that anticipate actions, adjusting the system’s behavior towards efficient goal-oriented outcomes. Future steps include the development of benchmark sets tailored for specific use cases and human-system interactions. We plan to refine and test algorithms for detecting and inferring cognitive states of human partners. This process requires incorporating theoretical approaches and adapting existing algorithms to simulate and predict human cognitive processes of problem-solving with regards to cognitive states. The objective is to develop cognitive and computational models that enable production systems to become equal team members alongside humans in diverse scenarios, paving the way for more efficient, effective goal-oriented solutions.
https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.58925
Entwurf von Brems-/Festhaltungskonzepten für Heckklappenantriebe an Personenkraftwagen. - Ilmenau. - 71 Seiten
Technische Universität Ilmenau, Bachelorarbeit 2023
Die zunehmende Verbreitung von Fahrzeugen mit automatisch öffnenden Heckklappen eröffnet neue Herausforderungen im Bereich der Brems- und Festhaltungskonzepte. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, effiziente Lösungen zu entwickeln, die in verschiedenen Öffnungsstellungen Brems- und Haltemomente gewährleisten können. Diese Lösungen müssen unter Berücksichtigung von Sicherheitsaspekten wie Einklemmung und Witterungseinflüssen funktionieren. Darüber hinaus sollten die Heckklappen individuell steuerbar sein, um personalisierte Öffnungswinkel zu ermöglichen. Die bevorzugten Konzepte sollten in den begrenzten Bauraum der Heckklappenantriebe integrierbar sein und die Möglichkeit bieten, den Antriebsmotor in der Halteposition abzuschalten. Die vorliegende Arbeit umfasst eine Bestandsaufnahme bestehender Brems- und Haltekonzepte, die Analyse der Anforderungen und Randbedingungen, die Entwicklung neuer Lösungen und die Erstellung eines Grobgestaltung für die bevorzugte Lösung.