Mobile Communications - Interactive curriculae of TU Ilmenau

Vermittlung von vertiefenden Kenntnissen auf dem Gebiet der Mobilkommunikation. Sicherer Umgang mit Matlab zur Lösung komplexer Aufgaben.

The students get a deep insight into the physical layer aspects of mobile communication systems. The students know how to use modern engineering tools, such as, Matlab to solve challenging tasks.

1 Introduction
+ Overview of mobile communication standards and applications (1G - 5G)
+ 5G Vision and Requirements
+ The Wireless Channel
- Path loss
- Shadowing
- Fast fading

2 Mobile Communication Channels
+ Review: Representation of Bandpass Signals and Systems

2.1 Propagation Modelling
+ Time variance (Doppler)
+ Time-varying multipath channels
- Transmission functions of the time-varying channel (1st set of Bello functions)
- 4 ways to calculate the received signals
- Identification of linear time-varing (LTV) systems

2.2 Statistical Characterization of Multipath Channels
+ Rayleigh channel (fading)
+ Rician channel
+ Channel Correlation Functions and Power Spectra of Fading Multipath Channels
- Time-variations of the channel
- Characterization of a WSSUS channel (2nd set of Bello functions)

2.3 The effect of signal characteristics on the choice of a channel model
+ Frequency non-selective channels
+ Frequency selective channels
- Truncated tapped delay line model of a frequency selective channel

2.4 Space-Time Channel and Signal Models
+ Generalization of the time-varying channel impulse response
- First set of Bello functions extended to the spatial domain
- Example: specular L paths model (continued)
+ Homogeneous channels (WSSUS-HO model)
+ Correlation functions and power spectra extended to the spatial domain
- Second set of Bello functions extended to the spatial domain
- Coherence time, coherence frequency, coherence distance
+ Transmission functions extended to transmit and receive antenna arrays (MIMO)
- Definition of the array manifold
+ Notation for SISO, SIMO, MISO, and MIMO channels
- Example: L paths model (continued)
+ Classical IID Channel Model
+ Extended MIMO Channel Models
- Spatial fading correlation at the transmit and the receive arrays
> Review of the eigenvalue decomposition (EVD)
> General model
> Kronecker model
- Additional Line-of-Sight (LOS) component
+ Sampled signal model for SISO, SIMO, MISO, and MIMO channels

3 Capacity of Space-Time Channels

3.1 Differential Entropy and Mutual Information for Continuous Ensembles (review)

3.2 Capacity Theorem for the AWGN SISO Case (review)

3.3 Capacity of the Flat Fading MIMO channel
+ Differential entropy for CSCG random vectors
+ Choosing Rss (with and without CSI @ the transmitter)
- Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)
- Special case: uncorrelated Rayleigh fading and Mt very large
+ Parallel Spatial Sub-Channels
- Design of the precoder and the decoder for MIMO systems with CSI at the transmitter
- Optimum power allocation (waterpouring algorithm) with CSI at the transmitter
+ SIMO Channel Capacity
+ MISO Channel Capacity
+ Capacity of Random MIMO Channels
- Ergodic vs. non-ergodic channels
- Ergodic capacity
> Examples, e.g., Rice, correlation
- Outage capacity

3.4 Capacity of the Frequency Selective MIMO channel
+ Space-Frequency Waterpouring

4 Transmission Techniques

4.1 Bit error probability
+ Binary signaling over Rayleigh fading channel

4.2 Diversity techniques for fading multipath channels
+ Frequency diversity
+ Time diversity
+ Space diversity
+ Post-processing techniques
- Selection combining, equal gain combining, maximum ratio combining, square-law combining

4.3 Approximation of the Probability of Symbol Error
+ Fading channel with D-fold diversity
+ Chernoff bound
+ Coding gain vs. diversity gain

5 Space-Time Processing

5.1 Receive antenna diversity (SIMO channel): MRC

5.2 Transmit antenna diversity
+ MISO channel unknown to the transmitter: Alamouti scheme (1998)
+ MISO channel known to the transmitter: MRT
+ MIMO channel unknown to the transmitter: Alamouti scheme (1998)
+ MIMO channel known to the transmitter: DET
+ Definiton of the effective diversity order
+ Summary: Diversity of space-time-frequency selective channels

5.3 Space-Time Coding without channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter
+ Space-Time Coding for frequency flat channels
+ Space-Time codeword design criteria
- definition of the pairwise error probability (PEP)
- rank criterion
- determinant criterion
+ Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes (OSTBCs)
- OSTBCs for real-valued constellations
- OSTBCs for complex-valued constellations
+ Spatial Multiplexing (SM) as a Space-Time Code
+ Encoder Structures for Spatial Multiplexing (SM)
- horizontal encoding
- vertical encoding
- diagonal encoding (D-BLAST transmission)

5.4 Gains achievable with smart antennas
+ Array Gain
+ Diversity Gain
+ Spatial Multiplexing Gain
+ Interference Reduction Gain
- frequency reuse and cluster sizes

5.5 Multi-User MIMO Systems
+ Block Diagonalization

5.6 Multiple access schemes
+ OFDM
+ Single carrier vs. OFDM vs. spread spectrum

• Moodle course
• Skript, Overheadprojektor, Beamer

• A. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications.
  Cambridge University Press, 2005.
• C. E. Shannon, A mathematical theory of communication.
  Bell System Technical Journal, vol. 27, pp. 379-423 and 623-656, July and October, 1948.
• G. Strang, Introduction to Linear Algebra.
  Wellesley - Cambridge Press, Fifth Edition, 2016.
• G. Strang, Linear Algebra and Its Applications.
  Thomson Brooks/Cole Cengage learning, 2006.
• A. Paulraj, R. Nabar, and D. Gore, Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications.
  Cambridge University Press, 2003.
• A. Hottinen, O. Tirkkonen, and R. Wichman, Multi-antennas Transceiver Techniques for 3G and Beyond.
  Wiley, 2003.
• S. Haykin, Communication Systems.
  John Wiley & Sons, 4th edition, 2001.
• S. Haykin and M. Moher, Modern Wireless Communications.
  Pearson Education, Inc., 2005.
• F. Jondral and A. Wiesler, Grundlagen der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung und stochastischer Prozesse für Ingenieure.
  Teubner Verlag, Stuttgart/Leipzig, 2000.
• A. Papoulis, Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes.
  McGraw-Hill, 2nd edition, 1984.
• T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications.
  Prentice Hall, 1996.
• J. Proakis, Digital Communications.
  McGraw-Hill, 4th edition, 2001.
• G. L. Stüber, Mobile Communication.
  Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2nd edition, 2001.
• R. Steele and L. Hanzo, eds., Mobile Radio Communications.
  Wiley, 2nd edition, 1999.
• S. Saunders, Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communication Systems.
  Wiley, 1999.
• A. Graham, Kronecker Products and Matrix Calculus with Applications.
  Halsted Press, 1981.
• E. G. Larson, P. Stoica, and G. Ganesan, Space-Time Block Coding for Wireless Communications.
  Cambridge University Press, 2003.
• H. Bölcskei, D. Gesbert, C. B. Papadias, and A.-J. van der Veen, eds., Space-Time Wireless Systems From Array Processing to MIMO Communications.
  Cambridge University Press, 2006.
• E. Biglieri, R. Calderbank, A. Constantinides, A. Goldsmith, A. Paulraj, and H. V. Poor, MIMO Wireless Communications.
  Cambridge University Press, 2007.
• C. Oestges and B. Clerckx, MIMO wireless communictions.
  Academic Press, 1 ed., 2007.
• Q. H. Spencer, A. L. Swindlehurst, and M. Haardt, ``Zero-forcing methods for downlink spatial multiplexing in multi-user MIMO channels,'' IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 52, pp. 461-471, Feb. 2004, received the 2009 Best Paper Award of the IEEE Signal Processing Society.
• Q. H. Spencer, C. B. Peel, A. L. Swindlehurst, and M. Haardt, ``An introduction to the multi-user MIMO downlink,'' IEEE Communications Magazine, pp. 60-67, Oct. 2004, special issue on MIMO Systems.