Konferenzbeiträge

Virtual validation methods strive to reduce the testing efforts of automated driving functions significantly. However, assuring the fidelity of deployed sensor models based on objective criteria remains an unsolved challenge, especially for radar target detection point clouds, since they are subject to major stochastic fluctuations.This work focuses on the scenario-based derivation of requirements for synthetic radar target detections, which are deduced from sensor data recorded in real-world test drives. Based on these reference data, deviations between the radar point clouds from different recordings are quantified using metrics for both point clouds from single measurement cycles and relative probability distributions for accumulated point clouds. Finally, the suitability of the calculated reference values as adequate metrics of deviations between recorded and simulated sensor data is evaluated.

This paper presents the analysis of the motion characteristics of droplet transport induced by liquid dielectrophoresis (LDEP). Hereby, a novel fluidic system is demonstrated, which enables droplet transport across a planar surface using a coplanar electrode configuration with adjacent electrodes. The droplet displacement is analyzed by high-speed video imaging and digital image processing. It is demonstrated that droplet motion can be initiated through simplified electrode geometries and the experimental results provide deeper insights into LDEP driven droplet manipulation.

Cell mechanics is a factor that determines cell growth, migration, proliferation, or differentiation, as well as trafficking inside the cytoplasm and organization of organelles. Knowledge about cell mechanics is critical to gaining insight into these biological processes. Here, we used atomic force microscopy to examine the elasticity, an important parameter of cell mechanics, of non-adherent Jurkat leukemic T-cells in both interphase and mitotic phases. We found that the elasticity of an individual cell does not significantly change at interphase. When a cell starts to divide, its elasticity increases in the transition from metaphase to telophase during normal division while the cell is stiffened right after it enters mitosis during abnormal division. At the end of the division, the cell elasticity gradually returned to the value of the mother cell. These changes may originate from the changes in cell surface tension during modulating actomyosin at the cleavage furrow, redistributing cell organelles, and constricting the contractile ring to sever mother cell to form daughters. The difference in elasticity patterns suggests that there is a discrepancy in the redistribution of the cell organelles during normal and abnormal division.

We present our new scalable multi-channel and multi-node sounder, the ILMSound G3 . It is configurable in terms of the number of switched Tx and parallel Rx nodes. The basic structures of the Tx and Rx nodes are given with consideration of the measurement system requirements.The ILMSound G3 is validated via a proof of concept measurement at 2.53 GHz in an urban environment. The system was configured as a sounder with two Tx nodes and one Rx node, which records two MIMO links simultaneously. Each node uses an antenna array. The transmitters were moved by cars whereas the receiver was elevated 20 m above the ground by a lifting platform acting as a base station. The used system configuration results in a snapshot rate of approx. 0.5 kHz, which covers the expected time variance of the chosen environment.The measurement results were analyzed using HRPE, providing a parametric description of the specular propagation paths of the radio channel per measurement link. Each estimated path is described by its directions of departure and arrival, delay, Doppler shift, and fully polarimetric complex path weights.

Virtual Drive Test (VDT) is an area of great interest for both scientific research and industry. The objective of VDT is to emulate a real-world communication testing by approximation of defined conditions. VDT can be performed in measurement facilities with over-the-air approaches and channel emulation techniques [1] [2], by simulation-based software-in-the-loop tests [3] or by combining measurement and simulation [4]. For all possible solutions, the challenge of the scientific community is to look for an automated, controllable, repeatable, and reliable procedure, which can considerably reduce testing time and costs. In this paper we present a new VDT technique to evaluate the V2X communications performances based on the combination of measurement and simulation. In particular, the radiation performance of a DUT representing the antenna under test installed on a vehicle is tested in a measurement facility, the radiation pattern (vehicle equipped by the antenna) is integrated in a simulation of a realistic scenario to reproduce a real-world communication testing. The accuracy of the method is validated by comparison with results of measured data from Field Operational Test (FoT) of LTE links [5] [6].