Publications of the Fachgebiet Fahrzeugtechnik

Anzahl der Treffer: 336
Erstellt: Mon, 18 Mar 2024 23:07:59 +0100 in 0.0415 sec


Mamakos, Athanasios; Kolbeck, Katharina; Arndt, Michael; Schröder, Thomas; Bernhard, Matthias
Particle emissions and disc temperature profiles from a commercial brake system tested on a dynamometer under real-world cycles. - In: Atmosphere, ISSN 2073-4433, Bd. 12 (2021), 3, 377, insges. 20 S.

The particle emissions from a commercial brake system utilizing copper-free pads have been characterized on a brake dynamometer under two real-world driving cycles. These included a novel cycle developed from analysis of the database of the World Harmonized Test Procedure (WLTP-Brake) and a short version of the Los Angeles City Traffic cycle (3h-LACT) developed in the framework of the European LowBraSys project. Disc temperature measurements using an array of embedded thermocouples revealed a large temporal and spatial non-uniformity with the radial temperature distribution depending also on the test procedure. Averaging over the duration of the cycle, it effectively reduced the influence of thermocouple positioning, allowing for more reliable quantification of the effectiveness of convective cooling. Particulate Matter (PM) emissions were similar for both cycles with PM2.5 averaging at 2.2 (±0.2) mg/km over the WLTP-Brake and 2.2 (±0.2) mg/km over the 3h-LACT, respectively. The corresponding PM10 emissions were 5.6 (±0.2) mg/km and 8.6 (±0.7) mg/km, respectively. The measurements revealed the formation of nanosized particles peaking at 10 nm, which were thermally stable at 350 ˚C under both cycles. Volatile nanoparticles were observed over the more demanding 3h-LACT cycle, with their emission rates decreasing with increasing the tunnel flow, suggesting nucleation of organic vapors released during braking as a potential formation process.



https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030377
Yu, Chuanyang; Zheng, Yanggu; Shyrokau, Barys; Ivanov, Valentin
MPC-based path following design for automated vehicles with rear wheel steering. - In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM), (2021), insges. 6 S.

Many studies have been recently exploited to discuss the path following control algorithms for automated vehicles using various control techniques. However, path following algorithm considering the possibility of automated vehicles with rear wheel steering (RWS) is still less investigated. In this study, we implemented nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) on a passenger vehicle with active RWS for path following. The controller was compared to two other variations of NMPC where the rear steering angle is proportional to the front or fixed to zero. Simulation results suggested that the proposed controller outperforms the other two variations and the baseline controllers (Stanley and LQR) in terms of accuracy and responsiveness.



https://doi.org/10.1109/ICM46511.2021.9385606
Hesse, David; Hamatschek, Christopher; Augsburg, Klaus; Weigelt, Thomas; Prahst, Alexander; Gramstat, Sebastian
Testing of alternative disc brakes and friction materials regarding brake wear particle emissions and temperature behavior. - In: Atmosphere, ISSN 2073-4433, Bd. 12 (2021), 4, 436$23

In this study, different disc brakes and friction materials are evaluated with respect to particle emission output and characteristic features are derived. The measurements take place on an inertia dynamometer using a constant volume sampling system. Brake wear particle emission factors of different disc concepts in different sizes are determined and compared, using a grey cast iron disc, a tungsten carbide-coated disc and a carbon ceramic disc. The brakes were tested over a section (trip #10) novel test cycle developed from the database of the worldwide harmonized Light-Duty vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP). First, brake emission factors were determined along the bedding process using a series of trip-10 tests. The tests were performed starting from unconditioned pads, to characterize the evolution of emissions until their stabilization. In addition to number- and mass-related emission factors (PM2.5-PM10), the particle size distribution was determined. Another focus was the evaluation of temperature ranges and the associated challenges in the use of temperature readings in a potential regulation of brake wear particle emissions. The results illustrate the challenges associated with establishing a universal bedding procedure and using disc temperature measurements for the control of a representative braking procedure. Using tungsten carbide coated discs and carbon ceramic discs, emission reduction potentials of up to 70% (PM10) could be demonstrated along the WLTP brake cycle. The reduction potential is primarily the result of the high wear resistance of the disc, but is additionally influenced by the pad composition and the temperature in the friction contact area.



https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040436
Heydrich, Marius; Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Ivanov, Valentin; Mazzoni, Matteo; Rossi, Alessandro; Buh, Jože; Augsburg, Klaus
Integrated braking control for electric vehicles with in-wheel propulsion and fully decoupled brake-by-wire system. - In: Vehicles, ISSN 2624-8921, Bd. 3 (2021), 2, S. 145-161

https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3020009
Aksjonov, Andrei; Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Augsburg, Klaus; Vodovozov, Valerij; Petlenkov, Eduard
Hardware-in-the-loop test of an open-loop fuzzy control method for decoupled electrohydraulic antilock braking system. - In: IEEE transactions on fuzzy systems, ISSN 1941-0034, Bd. 29 (2021), 5, S. 965-975

https://doi.org/10.1109/TFUZZ.2020.2965868
Kolbeck, Katharina; Augsburg, Klaus
Brake particle movement inside the frictional system and influencing parameters. - Stansted, Essex : FISITA. - 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seiten)Publikation entstand im Rahmen der Veranstaltung: EuroBrake 2020, EB2020-EBS-010

https://doi.org/10.46720/eb2020-ebs-010
Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Schiele, Martin; Hesse, David; Hauschild, Peter; Augsburg, Klaus
Artificial neural network regression models for the prediction of brake-related emissions. - Stansted, Essex : FISITA. - 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seite)Publikation entstand im Rahmen der Veranstaltung: EuroBrake 2020, EB2020-STP-050

https://doi.org/10.46720/eb2020-stp-050
Feißel, Toni; Hesse, David; Augsburg, Klaus; Gramstat, Sebastian
Measurement of vehicle related non-exhaust particle emissions under real driving conditions. - Stansted, Essex : FISITA. - 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seite)Publikation entstand im Rahmen der Veranstaltung: EuroBrake 2020, EB2020-STP-039

https://doi.org/10.46720/eb2020-stp-039
Schreiber, Viktor; Augsburg, Klaus; Ivanov, Valentin; Fujimoto, Hiroshi
Novel developing environment for automated and electrified vehicles using remote and distributed X-in-the-Loop technique. - In: 2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), (2020), insges. 5 S.

This paper contributes to an approach for integrated development, optimization and scientific investigation of coupled systems. The focus here is on real-time networking of test fields with model-based development environments.



https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330996
Hott, Lukas; Ivanov, Valentin; Augsburg, Klaus; Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Dhaens, Miguel; Al Sakka, Monzer; Praet, Kylian; Vazquez Molina, Joan
Ride blending control for AWD electric vehicle with in-wheel motors and electromagnetic suspension. - In: 2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), (2020), insges. 5 S.

This paper presents a controller for enhancing the ride comfort of electric vehicles with in-wheel motors (IWM) and electromagnetic suspensions (AS). The combined use of IWMs and AS to increase the ride comfort is referred to as Ride Blending (RB). The purpose of this integrated control, its general idea and concept are discussed. The Ride Blending controller is based on a multi-layer hierarchical control architecture. To continuously allocate the demand between the actuators, the control makes use of a cost function optimisation where the ideal control parameters for the current time step are defined. The goal of each component of this function is explained and the structure of each one is described. The use of the ride blending control is then demonstrated on various driving manoeuvres to show the functionality and the ride quality improvement.



https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330946

Publications of the Fachgebiet Fahrzeugtechnik

Anzahl der Treffer: 336
Erstellt: Mon, 18 Mar 2024 23:07:59 +0100 in 0.0422 sec


Mamakos, Athanasios; Kolbeck, Katharina; Arndt, Michael; Schröder, Thomas; Bernhard, Matthias
Particle emissions and disc temperature profiles from a commercial brake system tested on a dynamometer under real-world cycles. - In: Atmosphere, ISSN 2073-4433, Bd. 12 (2021), 3, 377, insges. 20 S.

The particle emissions from a commercial brake system utilizing copper-free pads have been characterized on a brake dynamometer under two real-world driving cycles. These included a novel cycle developed from analysis of the database of the World Harmonized Test Procedure (WLTP-Brake) and a short version of the Los Angeles City Traffic cycle (3h-LACT) developed in the framework of the European LowBraSys project. Disc temperature measurements using an array of embedded thermocouples revealed a large temporal and spatial non-uniformity with the radial temperature distribution depending also on the test procedure. Averaging over the duration of the cycle, it effectively reduced the influence of thermocouple positioning, allowing for more reliable quantification of the effectiveness of convective cooling. Particulate Matter (PM) emissions were similar for both cycles with PM2.5 averaging at 2.2 (±0.2) mg/km over the WLTP-Brake and 2.2 (±0.2) mg/km over the 3h-LACT, respectively. The corresponding PM10 emissions were 5.6 (±0.2) mg/km and 8.6 (±0.7) mg/km, respectively. The measurements revealed the formation of nanosized particles peaking at 10 nm, which were thermally stable at 350 ˚C under both cycles. Volatile nanoparticles were observed over the more demanding 3h-LACT cycle, with their emission rates decreasing with increasing the tunnel flow, suggesting nucleation of organic vapors released during braking as a potential formation process.



https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030377
Yu, Chuanyang; Zheng, Yanggu; Shyrokau, Barys; Ivanov, Valentin
MPC-based path following design for automated vehicles with rear wheel steering. - In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM), (2021), insges. 6 S.

Many studies have been recently exploited to discuss the path following control algorithms for automated vehicles using various control techniques. However, path following algorithm considering the possibility of automated vehicles with rear wheel steering (RWS) is still less investigated. In this study, we implemented nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) on a passenger vehicle with active RWS for path following. The controller was compared to two other variations of NMPC where the rear steering angle is proportional to the front or fixed to zero. Simulation results suggested that the proposed controller outperforms the other two variations and the baseline controllers (Stanley and LQR) in terms of accuracy and responsiveness.



https://doi.org/10.1109/ICM46511.2021.9385606
Hesse, David; Hamatschek, Christopher; Augsburg, Klaus; Weigelt, Thomas; Prahst, Alexander; Gramstat, Sebastian
Testing of alternative disc brakes and friction materials regarding brake wear particle emissions and temperature behavior. - In: Atmosphere, ISSN 2073-4433, Bd. 12 (2021), 4, 436$23

In this study, different disc brakes and friction materials are evaluated with respect to particle emission output and characteristic features are derived. The measurements take place on an inertia dynamometer using a constant volume sampling system. Brake wear particle emission factors of different disc concepts in different sizes are determined and compared, using a grey cast iron disc, a tungsten carbide-coated disc and a carbon ceramic disc. The brakes were tested over a section (trip #10) novel test cycle developed from the database of the worldwide harmonized Light-Duty vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP). First, brake emission factors were determined along the bedding process using a series of trip-10 tests. The tests were performed starting from unconditioned pads, to characterize the evolution of emissions until their stabilization. In addition to number- and mass-related emission factors (PM2.5-PM10), the particle size distribution was determined. Another focus was the evaluation of temperature ranges and the associated challenges in the use of temperature readings in a potential regulation of brake wear particle emissions. The results illustrate the challenges associated with establishing a universal bedding procedure and using disc temperature measurements for the control of a representative braking procedure. Using tungsten carbide coated discs and carbon ceramic discs, emission reduction potentials of up to 70% (PM10) could be demonstrated along the WLTP brake cycle. The reduction potential is primarily the result of the high wear resistance of the disc, but is additionally influenced by the pad composition and the temperature in the friction contact area.



https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040436
Heydrich, Marius; Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Ivanov, Valentin; Mazzoni, Matteo; Rossi, Alessandro; Buh, Jože; Augsburg, Klaus
Integrated braking control for electric vehicles with in-wheel propulsion and fully decoupled brake-by-wire system. - In: Vehicles, ISSN 2624-8921, Bd. 3 (2021), 2, S. 145-161

https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3020009
Aksjonov, Andrei; Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Augsburg, Klaus; Vodovozov, Valerij; Petlenkov, Eduard
Hardware-in-the-loop test of an open-loop fuzzy control method for decoupled electrohydraulic antilock braking system. - In: IEEE transactions on fuzzy systems, ISSN 1941-0034, Bd. 29 (2021), 5, S. 965-975

https://doi.org/10.1109/TFUZZ.2020.2965868
Kolbeck, Katharina; Augsburg, Klaus
Brake particle movement inside the frictional system and influencing parameters. - Stansted, Essex : FISITA. - 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seiten)Publikation entstand im Rahmen der Veranstaltung: EuroBrake 2020, EB2020-EBS-010

https://doi.org/10.46720/eb2020-ebs-010
Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Schiele, Martin; Hesse, David; Hauschild, Peter; Augsburg, Klaus
Artificial neural network regression models for the prediction of brake-related emissions. - Stansted, Essex : FISITA. - 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seite)Publikation entstand im Rahmen der Veranstaltung: EuroBrake 2020, EB2020-STP-050

https://doi.org/10.46720/eb2020-stp-050
Feißel, Toni; Hesse, David; Augsburg, Klaus; Gramstat, Sebastian
Measurement of vehicle related non-exhaust particle emissions under real driving conditions. - Stansted, Essex : FISITA. - 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seite)Publikation entstand im Rahmen der Veranstaltung: EuroBrake 2020, EB2020-STP-039

https://doi.org/10.46720/eb2020-stp-039
Schreiber, Viktor; Augsburg, Klaus; Ivanov, Valentin; Fujimoto, Hiroshi
Novel developing environment for automated and electrified vehicles using remote and distributed X-in-the-Loop technique. - In: 2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), (2020), insges. 5 S.

This paper contributes to an approach for integrated development, optimization and scientific investigation of coupled systems. The focus here is on real-time networking of test fields with model-based development environments.



https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330996
Hott, Lukas; Ivanov, Valentin; Augsburg, Klaus; Ricciardi, Vincenzo; Dhaens, Miguel; Al Sakka, Monzer; Praet, Kylian; Vazquez Molina, Joan
Ride blending control for AWD electric vehicle with in-wheel motors and electromagnetic suspension. - In: 2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), (2020), insges. 5 S.

This paper presents a controller for enhancing the ride comfort of electric vehicles with in-wheel motors (IWM) and electromagnetic suspensions (AS). The combined use of IWMs and AS to increase the ride comfort is referred to as Ride Blending (RB). The purpose of this integrated control, its general idea and concept are discussed. The Ride Blending controller is based on a multi-layer hierarchical control architecture. To continuously allocate the demand between the actuators, the control makes use of a cost function optimisation where the ideal control parameters for the current time step are defined. The goal of each component of this function is explained and the structure of each one is described. The use of the ride blending control is then demonstrated on various driving manoeuvres to show the functionality and the ride quality improvement.



https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330946