Publications and presentations

Es wird ein Einblick in die Vorgehensweise zur Fertigung von Knotenstrukturen im Stahlbau mittels Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) und der numerischen und experimentellen Untersuchung der Knotenstrukturen gegeben. Ausgehend von der geometrischen Komplexität sich schneidender Profilstäbe aus Stahl werden wesentliche Punkte bei der simulationsgestützten Ermittlung von Knotenstrukturen beschrieben. In Abhängigkeit von den Lastfällen können unterschiedliche Strukturen in der Topologieoptimierung gefunden werden. Für die Herstellung der Knotenstruktur durch das Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing müssen die numerisch gefundene Geometrie angepasst sowie Varianten der Bahnplanung entwickelt und bewertet werden. Dabei wird auch der Einfluss von Prozessparametern auf Verzug, Endkonturnähe und mechanische Eigenschaften der Bauteile untersucht. Für die Prognose von Spannungs- und Verformungszuständen des Knotens wird eine vereinfachte thermische und mechanische Analyse des Herstellungsprozesses durchgeführt. Weiter wird ein Verfahren für eine In-situ-Bauteilprüfung vorgestellt, welche Prozessunregelmäßigkeiten anhand von Sensordaten erkennt und deren Einflüsse auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Bauteils bewertet, wodurch frühzeitig im Prozess Maßnahmen zur Fehlerkorrektur getroffen oder Kosten durch Ausschuss reduziert werden können.

Glass ceramics are highly specialized composite materials, which have a partly polycrystalline and a partly glassy state. Due to their special properties such as good mechanical strength, low thermal expansion, and excellent thermal shock resistance, they are especially well known for their use in consumer goods industry. But also in the high-tech sector, like optics or microsystems technology, the applications for glass ceramics are constantly growing. Simultaneously, the continuing miniaturization of microelectronic components requires precise, high-resolution processing methods. While mechanical processing is limited due to the brittle-hard properties of the material, ultrashort pulse lasers can serve as an ideal tool for this purpose. The pulse durations in the pico- and femtosecond range are known to enable a highly precise and gentle processing with very small thermal load for the workpiece. Therefore, the process is often referred to as cold ablation. It has been known for some time, however, that if pulse energies and repetition rates are sufficiently high, heat accumulation effects can occur. In this article, we report on surface modifications on glass ceramics arising during femtosecond ablation. Using Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) as an example, we show that even at low repetition rates of 100 kHz and moderate average laser power below 3 W several micrometer thick molten patterns can emerge. Another peculiarity of the observed phenomenon lies in the increase of the vitreous layer with decreasing pulse duration. The dependence of the effect on the material structure is investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements.

Vanadium carbide (VC) reinforced FeCrVC hardfacings have become important to improve the lifetime of tools suffering abrasive and impact loads. This is because the microstructural properties of such hardfacings enable the primary VCs to act as obstacles against the penetrating abrasive. Because dilution is supposed to be the key issue influencing the precipitation behaviour of primary carbides during surfacing, the development of deposit welding processes exhibiting a reduced thermal impact, and hence lower dilution to the base material, is the primary focus of the current research. By inserting an additional hot wire in the melt, an approach was developed to separate the material and energy input during gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and hence realised low dilution claddings. The carbide content could be increased, and a grain refinement was observed compared with conventional GMAW. These effects could be attributed to both the reduced dilution and heterogeneous nucleation.